What is the population of Romania in 2026?
Romania has a population of 19,020,271 people (2025 estimate), which is 68th in the world and about 0.23% of the global total.
Population 2025
19,020,271
0.23% of world population
World Bank, 2025Annual Growth
−0.17%
−31,574 people a year
World Bank, 2025Density
83/km²
230,080 km² land area
World Bank, 2023Median Age
43.2 years
Life expectancy 76.5 years
Our World in Data, 2025About Romania
Romania is the 68th most populous country globally, with approximately 19 million inhabitants spread across 230,080 km². The population is declining at an annual rate of 0.2%, reflecting patterns common across much of eastern Europe. With a median age of 43.2 years and a fertility rate of 1.4 births per woman, the country faces an aging demographic structure.
About 52% of the population lives in urban areas. Life expectancy stands at 76.5 years, and GDP per capita is $22,538. The country operates under a semi-presidential system of government and adopted the Romanian leu as its currency. Romania borders Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, Serbia, and Ukraine, and has a population density of 83 people per km².
This summary is AI-generated from the indicators on this page. The figures themselves come from the sources cited beside each value.
Country Facts
- Capital
- Bucharest
- Continent
- Europe
- ISO codes
- RO · ROU
- Demonym
- Romanian
- Currency
- Romanian leu (RON lei)
- Government
- Semi-presidential system
- State inception
- 1859
- Time zone
- UTC+02:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +40
- Internet TLD
- .ro
- Land neighbours
- 5
Languages
- Romanian
Demographics
Economy
Health
Education
Environment
Infrastructure
Quality of Life
Geography
Military
Age & Gender Distribution
Population by five-year age band, UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Male Female
- Age 0–14
- 15.7%
- Age 15–64
- 64.3%
- Age 65+
- 20.0%
| Age band | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| 100+ | 418 | 548 |
| 95-99 | 4,909 | 9,175 |
| 90-94 | 29,181 | 61,599 |
| 85-89 | 90,728 | 191,625 |
| 80-84 | 157,989 | 293,944 |
| 75-79 | 271,584 | 428,679 |
| 70-74 | 435,759 | 625,688 |
| 65-69 | 518,098 | 679,479 |
| 60-64 | 474,317 | 545,073 |
| 55-59 | 679,429 | 708,027 |
| 50-54 | 743,780 | 736,681 |
| 45-49 | 768,552 | 740,269 |
| 40-44 | 660,084 | 614,857 |
| 35-39 | 693,802 | 652,999 |
| 30-34 | 571,574 | 541,888 |
| 25-29 | 511,440 | 489,632 |
| 20-24 | 511,161 | 490,319 |
| 15-19 | 558,019 | 535,415 |
| 10-14 | 527,763 | 505,307 |
| 5-9 | 523,899 | 501,233 |
| 0-4 | 477,230 | 452,934 |
Population History & Projection (1950–2100)
Observed population to 2024, then the UN medium-variant projection.
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 16,397,279 |
| 1960 | 18,313,495 |
| 1970 | 20,011,625 |
| 1980 | 22,154,771 |
| 1990 | 22,939,530 |
| 2000 | 22,046,262 |
| 2010 | 20,432,574 |
| 2020 | 19,392,469 |
| 2030 | 18,359,507 |
| 2040 | 17,209,718 |
| 2050 | 16,027,266 |
| 2060 | 14,768,088 |
| 2070 | 13,504,412 |
| 2080 | 12,470,346 |
| 2090 | 11,598,357 |
| 2100 | 10,768,185 |
How Romania Compares
Population against the ten most populous countries.
| Name | Population |
|---|---|
| India | 1.46B |
| China | 1.41B |
| United States | 341.8M |
| Indonesia | 285.7M |
| Pakistan | 255.2M |
| Nigeria | 237.5M |
| Brazil | 212.8M |
| Bangladesh | 175.7M |
| Russia | 143.5M |
| Ethiopia | 135.5M |
| Romania | 19M |
Countries Bordering Romania
5 land borders.
Romania Population FAQ
Is the population of Romania growing or shrinking?
Romania's population is shrinking at −0.17% per year, a change of roughly 31,574 people annually.
What is the capital of Romania?
The capital of Romania is Bucharest.
How densely populated is Romania?
Romania has 83/km² across 230,080 km² of land area.
What is life expectancy in Romania?
Life expectancy at birth in Romania is 76.5 years (2024).
What is the median age in Romania?
The median age in Romania is 43.2 years, meaning half the population is younger than that and half older.
Which continent is Romania in?
Romania is in Europe.