What is the population of Estonia in 2026?
Estonia has a population of 1,366,475 people (2025 estimate), which is 158th in the world and about 0.02% of the global total.
Officially Republic of Estonia
Population 2025
1,366,475
0.02% of world population
World Bank, 2025Annual Growth
−0.43%
−5,849 people a year
World Bank, 2025Density
32/km²
42,730 km² land area
World Bank, 2023Median Age
42.8 years
Life expectancy 79.3 years
Our World in Data, 2025About Estonia
With a population of 1,366,475, Estonia ranks 156th globally and experiences annual decline of 0.4%, reflecting demographic pressures seen across much of Europe. The median age of 42.8 years and fertility rate of 1.2 births per woman indicate an aging society with fewer young people entering the workforce. Life expectancy reaches 79.3 years.
The country spans 42,730 km² with low population density of 32 people per km², though 71% of residents live in urban areas. A parliamentary republic established in 1918, Estonia borders Latvia and Russia and uses the Euro as currency. GDP per capita stands at $34,418.
This summary is AI-generated from the indicators on this page. The figures themselves come from the sources cited beside each value.
Country Facts
- Capital
- Tallinn
- Continent
- Europe
- ISO codes
- EE · EST
- Demonym
- Estonian
- Currency
- Euro (EUR €)
- Government
- Parliamentary republic
- State inception
- 1918
- Time zone
- UTC+02:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +372
- Internet TLD
- .ee
- Land neighbours
- 2
Languages
- Estonian
Demographics
Economy
Health
Education
Environment
Infrastructure
Quality of Life
Geography
Military
Age & Gender Distribution
Population by five-year age band, UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Male Female
- Age 0–14
- 15.6%
- Age 15–64
- 63.1%
- Age 65+
- 21.3%
| Age band | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| 100+ | 41 | 253 |
| 95-99 | 500 | 2,442 |
| 90-94 | 2,390 | 9,066 |
| 85-89 | 6,912 | 20,976 |
| 80-84 | 12,034 | 28,166 |
| 75-79 | 18,518 | 34,729 |
| 70-74 | 27,739 | 43,907 |
| 65-69 | 34,997 | 47,088 |
| 60-64 | 40,136 | 46,914 |
| 55-59 | 40,468 | 43,441 |
| 50-54 | 46,675 | 46,491 |
| 45-49 | 47,839 | 45,603 |
| 40-44 | 50,367 | 47,001 |
| 35-39 | 54,903 | 49,758 |
| 30-34 | 46,709 | 42,444 |
| 25-29 | 34,623 | 32,916 |
| 20-24 | 33,419 | 31,989 |
| 15-19 | 39,263 | 37,074 |
| 10-14 | 38,943 | 37,160 |
| 5-9 | 38,063 | 35,681 |
| 0-4 | 32,356 | 30,555 |
Population History & Projection (1950–2100)
Observed population to 2024, then the UN medium-variant projection.
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 1,102,042 |
| 1960 | 1,220,453 |
| 1970 | 1,361,866 |
| 1980 | 1,476,463 |
| 1990 | 1,570,303 |
| 2000 | 1,396,997 |
| 2010 | 1,331,448 |
| 2020 | 1,329,669 |
| 2030 | 1,302,772 |
| 2040 | 1,236,787 |
| 2050 | 1,174,267 |
| 2060 | 1,100,466 |
| 2070 | 1,019,985 |
| 2080 | 944,963 |
| 2090 | 880,860 |
| 2100 | 825,503 |
How Estonia Compares
Population against the ten most populous countries.
| Name | Population |
|---|---|
| India | 1.46B |
| China | 1.41B |
| United States | 341.8M |
| Indonesia | 285.7M |
| Pakistan | 255.2M |
| Nigeria | 237.5M |
| Brazil | 212.8M |
| Bangladesh | 175.7M |
| Russia | 143.5M |
| Ethiopia | 135.5M |
| Estonia | 1.37M |
Countries Bordering Estonia
2 land borders.
Estonia Population FAQ
Is the population of Estonia growing or shrinking?
Estonia's population is shrinking at −0.43% per year, a change of roughly 5,849 people annually.
What is the capital of Estonia?
The capital of Estonia is Tallinn.
How densely populated is Estonia?
Estonia has 32/km² across 42,730 km² of land area.
What is life expectancy in Estonia?
Life expectancy at birth in Estonia is 79.3 years (2024).
What is the median age in Estonia?
The median age in Estonia is 42.8 years, meaning half the population is younger than that and half older.
Which continent is Estonia in?
Estonia is in Europe.