What is the population of Madagascar in 2026?
Madagascar has a population of 32,740,678 people (2025 estimate), which is 49th in the world and about 0.39% of the global total.
Officially Republic of Madagascar
Population 2025
32,740,678
0.39% of world population
World Bank, 2025Annual Growth
+2.40%
+785,121 people a year
World Bank, 2025Density
54/km²
581,800 km² land area
World Bank, 2023Median Age
19.2 years
Life expectancy 63.8 years
Our World in Data, 2025About Madagascar
With 32.7 million people, Madagascar ranks 49th globally and supports an annual growth rate of 2.4%. The island nation covers 581,800 km² and has a population density of 54 people per km², with two-thirds of residents living in rural areas. A median age of 19.2 years reflects a young population entering the workforce, though life expectancy stands at 63.8 years and the fertility rate is 3.9 births per woman.
The Republic of Madagascar gained independence in 1960 and operates as a republic with Antananarivo as its capital. French and Malagasy are the official languages. The economy remains modest, with a GDP per capita of $599, and the currency is the Malagasy ariary.
This summary is AI-generated from the indicators on this page. The figures themselves come from the sources cited beside each value.
Country Facts
- Capital
- Antananarivo
- Continent
- Africa
- ISO codes
- MG · MDG
- Demonym
- Malagasy
- Currency
- Malagasy ariary (MGA Ar)
- Government
- Republic
- State inception
- 1960
- Time zone
- UTC+03:00
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +261
- Internet TLD
- .mg
- Land neighbours
- No land borders
Languages
- French
- Malagasy
Demographics
Economy
Health
Education
Not published for Madagascar: Mean Years of Schooling.
Environment
Infrastructure
Quality of Life
Geography
Military
Age & Gender Distribution
Population by five-year age band, UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Male Female
- Age 0–14
- 39.3%
- Age 15–64
- 57.3%
- Age 65+
- 3.4%
| Age band | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| 100+ | 15 | 36 |
| 95-99 | 315 | 614 |
| 90-94 | 2,974 | 4,718 |
| 85-89 | 13,278 | 18,227 |
| 80-84 | 33,718 | 44,568 |
| 75-79 | 72,738 | 89,200 |
| 70-74 | 154,798 | 175,386 |
| 65-69 | 228,107 | 249,766 |
| 60-64 | 303,689 | 322,901 |
| 55-59 | 390,066 | 405,832 |
| 50-54 | 511,224 | 523,741 |
| 45-49 | 635,933 | 644,316 |
| 40-44 | 752,212 | 756,008 |
| 35-39 | 883,139 | 880,318 |
| 30-34 | 1,089,772 | 1,082,943 |
| 25-29 | 1,353,601 | 1,341,621 |
| 20-24 | 1,530,569 | 1,511,382 |
| 15-19 | 1,719,525 | 1,689,274 |
| 10-14 | 1,903,399 | 1,858,787 |
| 5-9 | 2,092,343 | 2,037,800 |
| 0-4 | 2,361,116 | 2,294,991 |
Population History & Projection (1950–2100)
Observed population to 2024, then the UN medium-variant projection.
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1950 | 3,956,073 |
| 1960 | 5,111,029 |
| 1970 | 6,672,003 |
| 1980 | 9,006,032 |
| 1990 | 12,055,639 |
| 2000 | 16,516,338 |
| 2010 | 22,183,340 |
| 2020 | 28,953,556 |
| 2030 | 36,693,183 |
| 2040 | 44,846,895 |
| 2050 | 53,185,475 |
| 2060 | 61,352,873 |
| 2070 | 68,926,090 |
| 2080 | 75,512,394 |
| 2090 | 80,992,577 |
| 2100 | 85,341,148 |
How Madagascar Compares
Population against the ten most populous countries.
- India1.46B
- China1.41B
- United States341.8M
- Indonesia285.7M
- Pakistan255.2M
- Nigeria237.5M
- Brazil212.8M
- Bangladesh175.7M
- Russia143.5M
- Ethiopia135.5M
- Madagascar32.7M
| Name | Population |
|---|---|
| India | 1.46B |
| China | 1.41B |
| United States | 341.8M |
| Indonesia | 285.7M |
| Pakistan | 255.2M |
| Nigeria | 237.5M |
| Brazil | 212.8M |
| Bangladesh | 175.7M |
| Russia | 143.5M |
| Ethiopia | 135.5M |
| Madagascar | 32.7M |
Madagascar Population FAQ
Is the population of Madagascar growing or shrinking?
Madagascar's population is growing at +2.40% per year, a change of roughly 785,121 people annually.
What is the capital of Madagascar?
The capital of Madagascar is Antananarivo.
How densely populated is Madagascar?
Madagascar has 54/km² across 581,800 km² of land area.
What is life expectancy in Madagascar?
Life expectancy at birth in Madagascar is 63.8 years (2024).
What is the median age in Madagascar?
The median age in Madagascar is 19.2 years, meaning half the population is younger than that and half older.
Which continent is Madagascar in?
Madagascar is in Africa.